Document Type
Article
Publication Title
SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics
Abstract
When finding the nonzero eigenvalues for Hamiltonian eigenvalue problems it is especially important to locate not only the unstable eigenvalues (i.e., those with positive real part) but also those which are purely imaginary but have negative Krein signature. These latter eigenvalues have the property that they can become unstable upon collision with other purely imaginary eigenvalues; i.e., they are a necessary building block in the mechanism leading to the so-called Hamiltonian-Hopf bifurcation. In this paper we review a general theory for constructing a meromorphic matrix-valued function, the so-called Krein matrix, which has the property of not only locating the unstable eigenvalues but also those with negative Krein signature. These eigenvalues are realized as zeros of the determinant. The resulting finite-dimensional problem obtained by setting the determinant of the Krein matrix to zero presents a valuable simplification. In this paper the usefulness of the technique is illustrated through prototypical examples of spectral analysis of states that have arisen in recent experimental and theoretical studies of atomic Bose-Einstein condensates. In particular, we consider one-dimensional settings (the cigar trap) possessing real-valued multi-dark-soliton solutions and two-dimensional settings (the pancake trap) admitting complex multivortex stationary waveforms. © 2013 Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics.
First Page
1368
Last Page
1395
DOI
10.1137/120902471
Publication Date
10-8-2013
Recommended Citation
Kapitula, Todd; Kevrekidis, Panayotis G.; and Yan, Dong, "The krein matrix: General theory and concrete applications in atomic bose-einstein condensates" (2013). University Faculty Publications and Creative Works. 315.
https://digitalcommons.calvin.edu/calvin_facultypubs/315